ABSTRACT
Fatigue is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of Parkinson′s disease (PD), which has an important impact on the quality of life. Due to the lack of a strict and unified definition and classification of PD-related fatigue, as well as a clear quantitative standard, clinical studies on fatigue in PD have drawn different conclusions, making fatigue research challenging. Normative studies in this area have been complemented by the publication of the 2016 expert consensus on diagnostic criteria for PD associated fatigue. In this paper, the incidence, influencing factors, clinical evaluation measures and treatment of PD-related fatigue were reviewed to provide the latest information for clinical identification and management of PD-related fatigue patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To analyze the bone mineral density and serum osteocalcin levels in postmenopausal women with idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.@*Methods@#A total of 64 postmenopausal women with idiopathic BPPV were selected as the study group, and 98 postmenopausal healthy women were selected as the control group. Bone mineral density and serum osteocalcin levels were analyzed and compared between the groups.χ2 test was used for numeration data and t test was used for measurement data.@*Results@#The prevalence of osteoporosis or osteopenia in BPPV group 67.2% (43/64) was significantly higher than that in the control group 51.0% (50/98) (χ2=4.139, P=0.042). Among BPPV subjects, there was a negative correlation between osteocalcin and bone density T (r=-0.469, P<0.001). Osteocalcin was found in normal bone mass subgroup (13.61±4.32)μg/L, decreased bone mass subgroup (17.49±7.61)μg/L, and osteoporosis subgroup (20.83±6.72)μg/L, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (F=5.39, P=0.007).@*Conclusions@#Bone mineral density in BPPV group is lower than that in control group. The lower the bone mineral density of the patients, the higher the osteocalcin in BPPV group.